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目的 :了解严重急性呼吸道综合征 (SevereAcuteRespiratorySyndrome ,SARS ,即非典型肺炎 )的流行特点、规律及传播途径。方法 :对 80例SARS患者进行流行病学调查分析。结果 :72例患者 (90 % )有明确的SARS患者接触史 ,接触时间最短仅 2 0min ,潜伏期 2～ 2 0天 ,平均为 (7.6± 4 .3)天。 80例患者中医务人员占 6 6 .3% (5 3/80 ) ,非医务人员为 33.7% (2 7/ 80 ) ;两组中有接触史的例数分别为 4 9例 (92 .5 % )和 2 3例 (85 .2 % ) ,两者的潜伏期相近。护士的患病人数多于医生及护工 ,分别为 2 9人 (5 4 .7% )、18人 (34% )和 6人 (11.3% ) ;非医务人员患者中职员 (8/ 2 7,2 9.6 % )和服务人员 (6 / 2 7,2 2 .2 % )的比例较高。以医院或家庭聚集性发病为特点 ,防护和隔离措施不到位是SARS爆发流行的主要原因。结论 :密切接触是SARS的主要传播途径 ,潜伏期为 2～ 2 0天 ,平均 (7.6±4 .3)天。发病以医院或家庭聚集形式多见 ,良好的防护措施可明显降低SARS的发病率 ;早期的隔离能有效地控制和预防SARS的传播和流行
OBJECTIVE: To understand the epidemiological characteristics, rules and transmission of SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome). Methods: 80 cases of SARS epidemiological investigation and analysis. Results: 72 patients (90%) had a clear history of exposure to SARS patients. The shortest exposure time was only 20 minutes and the incubation period was 2 to 20 days with an average of (7.6 ± 4.3 days). Among the 80 patients, 76.3% (5 3/80) were medical staff and 33.7% (27/80) were non-medical staff. There were 49 cases of contact history in both groups (92.5% %) And 23 cases (85.2%), the incubation period of both is similar. The number of nurses was significantly higher than that of doctors and nurses, 29 (5.4%), 18 (34%) and 6 (11.3%) respectively; the non-medical staff (8/2 7, 2 9.6%) and service staff (6/2 7, 22.2%). Hospital or family clustering incidence characterized by inadequate protection and isolation measures SARS outbreak is the main reason for the epidemic. Conclusion: Close contact is the main route of SARS transmission with an incubation period of 2 ~ 20 days with an average of (7.6 ± 4.3 days). The incidence of hospital or family gathering in the form of more common, good protective measures can significantly reduce the incidence of SARS; early isolation can effectively control and prevent the spread of SARS and epidemic