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目的了解兰州市与东乡县学龄期儿童铁缺乏、铁减少、缺铁性贫血患病率及影响因素,为预防和治疗铁缺乏提供参考依据。方法 2015年10月分别于兰州市及东乡县的两所学校抽取6~12岁儿童396名。进行体格发育指标测量、静脉血采集和调查问卷。分析血红蛋白、血清铁、血清铁蛋白等指标,对调查问卷进行多因素Logistic回归分析。结果 396例儿童中铁减少、缺铁性贫血、铁缺乏的患病率分别为12.6%、8.6%、21.2%;东乡县儿童铁减少、缺铁性贫血、铁缺乏的患病率均较兰州市高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);东乡族儿童铁减少、缺铁性贫血、铁缺乏的患病率均较汉族高,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同性别儿童铁减少、缺铁性贫血、铁缺乏患病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同年龄组儿童缺铁性贫血患病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但铁减少的患病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在13个相关因素中,婴儿期(6月龄后)喂养、零食食入及偏食(OR>1,P<0.05)对缺铁性贫血患病率有显著影响,经济水平、带养人学历、家中有亲属贫血、注意饮食搭配、用铁锅烹饪及肉食食入为缺铁性贫血保护因素。结论兰州市及东乡县学龄期儿童铁缺乏患病率较前降低,隐性缺铁仍是目前重要问题。
Objective To understand the prevalence of iron deficiency and iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia in school-age children in Lanzhou City and Dongxiang County, and to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of iron deficiency. Methods In October 2015, 396 children aged 6-12 years were enrolled in two schools in Lanzhou City and Dongxiang County, respectively. Physical development indicators were measured, venous blood collection and questionnaire. Analysis of hemoglobin, serum iron, serum ferritin and other indicators, the questionnaire multi-factor Logistic regression analysis. Results The prevalence of iron deficiency, iron deficiency anemia and iron deficiency in 396 children were 12.6%, 8.6% and 21.2% respectively. The prevalence of iron deficiency, iron deficiency anemia and iron deficiency in children in Dongxiang County were all higher than those in Lanzhou (P <0.05). The prevalence of iron deficiency, iron deficiency anemia and iron deficiency in Dongxiang children were higher than those in Han nationality (P <0.05), and the differences were statistically significant There was no significant difference in the prevalence of iron deficiency, iron deficiency anemia and iron deficiency (P> 0.05). The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in children of different ages had statistical significance (P <0.05) There was no significant difference in prevalence (P> 0.05). Among the 13 related factors, infants (6 months of age) feeding, snack food intake and partial eclipse (OR> 1, P <0.05) had a significant impact on the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia, economic level, with dependents education , Family relatives anemia, pay attention to diet, cooking with iron and meat into the diet for iron deficiency anemia protection factors. Conclusion The prevalence of iron deficiency in school-age children in Lanzhou City and Dongxiang County is lower than that in the previous years. The recessive iron deficiency remains an important issue at present.