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目的探讨婴幼儿血铅水平的相关影响因素,为制定切实可行的预防儿童铅中毒和高铅血症防治措施提供科学依据。方法随机选取2014-2015年在吉林省妇幼保健院儿童保健门诊进行健康体检的0~3岁婴幼儿912例,测定婴幼儿血铅、血钙、血锌等微量元素水平,同时填写婴幼儿血铅水平及暴露因素调查表,对资料进行spearman相关分析及Logistic回归分析。结果 912例婴幼儿血铅水平在10~458μg/L之间,均值为35.12μg/L;回归分析结果显示:父(母)使用染发剂和食用高铅食品是发生高血铅的危险因素,婴幼儿进食前使用肥皂洗手、食用奶或奶制品和食用钙锌铁是高血铅的保护因素;相关分析结果显示血铅和血钙、血锌之间存在负相关。结论父(母)使用染发剂、婴幼儿进食前使用肥皂洗手、食用奶或奶制品的次数、食用高铅食品及食用钙、锌、铁与高血铅发生率有关。
Objective To explore the influencing factors of blood lead levels in infants and young children, and to provide a scientific basis for the development of practical prevention and control measures for children with lead poisoning and hyperlipidemia. Methods A total of 912 infants and young children aged 0 ~ 3 years were selected randomly from the Children’s Health Clinic of Jilin MCH in 2014-2015. The levels of trace elements such as blood lead, blood calcium and blood zinc were measured. At the same time, Lead level and exposure factors questionnaire, spearman correlation analysis of the data and Logistic regression analysis. Results The blood lead levels in 912 infants and young children ranged from 10 to 458 μg / L, with an average of 35.12 μg / L. Regression analysis showed that the use of hair dye and high-lead foods as the parent were the risk factors for developing high blood lead, Washing hands with soap, eating milk or dairy products and eating calcium, zinc and iron before infants and young children eat are the protective factors of hyperlipemia. The correlation analysis shows that there is a negative correlation between blood lead, serum calcium and blood zinc. Conclusion The use of hair dye in parents (mother), washing hands with soap before infants and young children eat milk or milk products, consumption of high-lead foods and consumption of calcium, zinc, iron and the incidence of high blood lead.