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目的探讨新生儿耳聋的发病情况和听力筛查结果多因素分析。方法回顾性分析2002年6月～2004年12月我院出生的有条件进行TEOAE筛查的4666例新生儿并使用筛查登记表收集病例资料中的相关信息,对收集到的资料进行单因素与多因素logistic回归分析。结果新生儿TEOAE第一次筛查通过率80.5%,第二次筛查通过率91.5%,第三次筛查通过率53.3%。对3次筛查不通过的46人行ABR测试,其中14人双耳通过,16人双耳不通过,16人单耳不通过,新生儿耳聋患病率6.9‰(32/4666)。单因素分析发现多胎、外耳畸形、窒息病史、低体重、高胆红素血症、早产、阿氏评分<7分等因素与新生儿TEOAE筛查通过率相关。多因素logistic回归分析确定外耳畸形、窒息病史、低体重、高胆红素血症等为危险因素。结论外耳畸形、窒息病史、低体重、高胆红素血症等因素的是新生儿耳聋高危因素,应对新生儿围产期高危影响因素积极预防和治疗,减少耳聋发病率。
Objective To investigate the incidence of neonatal deafness and audiometric screening of multivariate analysis. Methods A retrospective analysis of 4666 newborns with TEOAE screening in our hospital from June 2002 to December 2004 was retrospectively analyzed and the relevant information was collected by using the screening registration form and the data were collected for single factor And multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results The first screening pass rate of neonatal TEOAE was 80.5%, the second screening pass rate was 91.5% and the third screening pass rate was 53.3%. ABR tests were performed on 46 patients who did not pass the 3 screening tests. Among them, 14 were binaural, 16 were non-binocular and 16 were unacceptable. The prevalence of neonatal deafness was 6.9 ‰ (32/4666). Univariate analysis found that multiple births, deformities of the outer ear, history of asphyxia, low birth weight, hyperbilirubinemia, premature birth, Ashley score <7 were correlated with screening rate of neonatal TEOAE screening. Multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed the deformities of the outer ear, history of asphyxia, low body weight, hyperbilirubinemia and other risk factors. Conclusion The deformities of the outer ear, the history of asphyxia, the low body weight, hyperbilirubinemia and other factors are the risk factors of neonatal deafness. The prevention and treatment of neonatal perinatal high risk factors should be actively prevented and the incidence of deafness should be reduced.