现代社会以高效率生产技术产品,大规模改变地球环境为其重要特征,同时,也产生了诸如环境污染、生态破坏等科学技术负效应。这是整个人类在本世纪和下一世纪共同面对的生死攸关的问题。但问题在于,这种负效应是科学技术的必然产物吗,或是技术社会的必然结果吗?危害的根源在科学技术本身,还是在运用科学技术的方式?在现代社会的整体方向不变的情况下,可以克服我们现在面对的生态危机吗? 面对这些问题,有两种回答。 第一种回答,科学技术的正面效应,诸如极大的物质生产力,丰富的物质生活是当代科学技术效应的主体。负效应是人在某个历史阶段由于认识或行为的某种偏差所引起,故也应能在人的历史发展进程中被克 In modern society, technology products are produced with high efficiency and large-scale changes in the Earth’s environment are important features. In the meantime, negative effects of science and technology such as environmental pollution and ecological damage have also emerged. This is a matter of life and death that the entire human race faces together in this century and the next. But the question is: is this negative effect an inevitable result of science and technology, or is it the inevitable result of technological society? The root causes of harm lie in science and technology or in the way of using science and technology? The overall direction of modern society remains unchanged Can we overcome the ecological crisis we now face in the face of these problems? There are two answers to these questions. The first answer is that the positive effects of science and technology, such as great material productivity and rich material life, are the mainstay of contemporary science and technology effects. The negative effect is caused by a certain deviation of people’s cognition or behavior in a certain historical stage. Therefore, it should be able to be covered by the historical development of human beings