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为了揭示配方施肥对葡萄生长期土壤物理性质和有效态中微量元素的动态影响,以4年生“醉金香”葡萄为试材,设计了9个配方施肥组合,测定了各组合醉金香葡萄5个不同时期的土壤容重、孔隙度、有机质、pH值及有效态钙、镁、铁、锌、锰的含量。结果表明,与常规施肥相比,配方施肥处理可提高酸性土壤pH值、增加土壤孔隙度和有机质含量,降低葡萄土壤容重;在未施中微量元素肥料的前提下,配方施肥各处理均能在一定程度上维持土壤中微量营养元素的平衡;其中,采取每667m2施尿素40kg、磷酸一铵35kg、硫酸钾75kg、干鸡粪800kg综合表现最佳,能明显降低土壤容重,改善土壤pH值,增加土壤孔隙度,且土壤有机质和有效态中微量元素含量最高。
In order to reveal the dynamic effects of formula fertilizers on the soil physical properties and available trace elements during the growth of grape, nine combinations of fertilizers were designed with 4-year-old Soil bulk density, porosity, organic matter, pH value and available Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn contents of Hongxiang grape in five different periods. The results showed that compared with the conventional fertilization, the formula fertilization could increase the pH value of acidic soil, increase the soil porosity and organic matter content, and reduce the bulk density of grape soil. Under the premise of no application of trace element fertilizers, To some extent, the balance of trace elements in soil was maintained. Among them, 40kg of urea per 667m2, 35kg of monoammonium phosphate, 75kg of potassium sulfate and 800kg of dry chicken manure showed the best overall performance, which could obviously reduce soil bulk density and soil pH, Increase soil porosity, and soil organic matter and effective content of the highest content of trace elements.