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近几十年来,随着对化学资源需求量的增加,从天然物中分离、富集其中的少量或微量成份引起了人们在应用方面的兴趣。海洋由于其巨大的潜力,从其中富集提取有价值的成份一问是引人注目的。早期企图从海水中提取金就是一个突出的例子。在这类工作中,不用说常规的化学工艺方法不能适用,就是一般的离子交换剂、分子筛等也难以奏效。因此,针对特定成份的化学性质,对它们的分离提取不得不选用具有特殊化学亲合力的所谓“吸附剂”或“富集剂”。水含氧化钛对海水中铀的富集能力是一个很好的例子。颗粒状氯化银对海水中碘的富集作用,我们曾经进行了一定的工作,并首次从海水中直接分离出纯态的单质碘。
In recent decades, as the demand for chemical resources has increased, the small amount or trace elements that are separated and enriched from natural products have attracted people’s interest in applications. It is remarkable that the oceans, due to their immense potential, are enriched for the extraction of valuable ingredients. An early attempt to extract gold from seawater is a prominent example. In such work, it goes without saying that conventional chemical processes can not be applied, that is, ordinary ion exchangers, molecular sieves and the like are also ineffective. Therefore, in view of the chemical properties of specific ingredients, so-called “adsorbents” or “enrichment agents” having particular chemical affinity have to be selected for their separation and extraction. Water Titanium oxide is a good example of the enrichment of uranium in seawater. Particulate silver chloride enrichment of iodine in seawater, we have done some work, and for the first time directly separated from the sea water, pure form of elemental iodine.