目的：研究高温对神经细胞生长发育、存活、凋亡的影响。方法：通过神经细胞原代培养并给予高温刺激，应用光镜、电镜、ＭＴＴ自动比色微量分析、琼脂糖凝胶电泳等技术。结果：高温可使神经细胞的表面结构和内部微细结构发生明显变化；降低细胞线粒体琥珀酸脱氢酶活性；诱导ＤＮＡ片段的形成，使细胞凋亡数明显增加。结论：高温可诱发原代培养神经细胞凋亡。 Objective: To study the effect of high temperature on the growth, survival and apoptosis of nerve cells. Methods: Primary cultured neurons were stimulated with high temperature and applied light microscopy, electron microscopy, automatic colorimetric MTT assay and agarose gel electrophoresis. Results: High temperature could significantly change the surface structure and internal fine structure of nerve cells, reduce mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase activity, and induce the formation of DNA fragments, leading to a significant increase in the number of apoptotic cells. Conclusion: High temperature can induce primary cultured neuronal apoptosis.