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[目的]探讨上海市全民控盐干预效果评价课题调查样本的代表性。[方法]通过玛叶指数(MI)、拟合度检验、相异指数(DI)以及人口金字塔图等方法和途径,检验样本与总体人口构成的符合程度;并对随访样本人群社会人口学特征进行前后比较。[结果]本次调查共3 000户家庭和7 000名居民,实际调查2 960户、6 886人,剔除不合格问卷,最终纳入分析的基线数据为2 941份家庭问卷和6 748份个人问卷;而在发放控盐勺后1、6、12个月家庭问卷和个人问卷的失访率在0.51%~4.49%和1.38%~4.70%之间。经检验,1、6、12个月时随访对象的基本人口学特征(地区、年龄、性别、文化程度、就业状态、是否固定掌勺者)与基线时比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。计算结果显示,样本人群MI为7.47,其中男性为8.70,女性为6.35,均<10。金字塔图可见,样本人群与2008年上海市总体人口(全人群、男性、女性)年龄构成左右基本对称。以2008年上海市年中人口构成数据作为理论数作拟合度检验,得到样本人群合计、男性和女性的χ2值分别为:5.30、5.88、4.84,均P>0.05。同时,计算得到样本人群合计及男性、女性人口的DI分别为10.34和10.72、9.96。[结论]本调查样本失访率较低,随访对象的人口学特征与基线无差异,即前后调查样本的一致性较好;样本人群的年龄分布质量较好,样本的分布与总体分布无差异,对总体人群有较好的代表性,样本的调查结果可外推到全市的情况。
[Objective] The research aimed to discuss the representativeness of the sample survey on the evaluation of the effect of the universal control of salt in Shanghai. [Methods] Through the methods such as Maiev index (MI), fitting test, dissimilarity index (DI) and population pyramid chart, the test sample was checked with the general population composition and the socio-demographic characteristics of follow-up sample population Before and after comparison. [Results] A total of 3 000 families and 7 000 residents were surveyed in this survey. The actual survey was 2 960 households with 6 886 persons. Excluding the unqualified questionnaires, the baseline data for the final analysis included 2 941 family questionnaires and 6 748 personal questionnaires ; While the loss rate of family questionnaires and personal questionnaires after the release of salt control spoon in 1, 6 and 12 months was between 0.51% ~ 4.49% and 1.38% ~ 4.70%. According to the test, the basic demographic characteristics (area, age, gender, educational level, employment status, whether or not to hold the spoon) of the follow-up subjects at 1, 6 and 12 months were not significantly different from those at baseline > 0.05). The calculated results showed that the sample population MI was 7.47, of which 8.70 for males and 6.35 for females, all <10. As can be seen from the pyramid chart, the sample population is basically symmetrical about the age composition of the general population (total population, men and women) in Shanghai in 2008. Taking the population composition data of Shanghai in 2008 as theoretical data, the chi-square test was used to get the sample population. The χ2 values of males and females were 5.30, 5.88, 4.84, all P> 0.05. At the same time, the calculated DI of the sample population and the male and female population are 10.34 and 10.72 and 9.96, respectively. [Conclusion] The survey sample has a low rate of follow-up, and there is no difference between the demographic characteristics and the baseline of the follow-up subjects, that is, the consistency of the sample before and after the survey is better; the age distribution quality of sample population is better; the sample distribution and overall distribution have no difference , The overall population is better representative, the sample survey results can be extrapolated to the city’s situation.