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本文阐述了正确选用误差合成方法的重要性,介绍了由随机不确定度与系统不确定度合成为测量结果的总不确定度的常用方法,并对这些方法的适用情况做了简单评论。还着重地介绍了苏联国家标准确定的总不确定度的合成公式,该公式在多数情况下可用更便于计算的简化公式替代,文中对可以应用简化公式替代的条件进行了推导和论证。
This article describes the importance of choosing the correct method of error synthesis, introduces the general methods of combining the uncertainty of the system and the uncertainty of the system into the total uncertainty of the measurement results, and makes a brief comment on the application of these methods. The synthesis formula of the total uncertainty determined by the Soviet Union’s national standards is also emphatically introduced. In most cases, this formula can be replaced by a simplified formula that is easier to calculate. In this paper, the conditions that can be replaced by simplified formulas are deduced and demonstrated.