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目的观测家兔心脏二尖瓣复合体的解剖结构,为家兔心脏的研究和比较解剖学积累资料。方法取甲醛固定后的兔心50例,大体解剖并观测二尖瓣复合体。结果家兔心脏二尖瓣复合体由二尖瓣瓣环、瓣膜、腱索和乳头肌构成,二尖瓣瓣环周长为(23.46±4.34)mm;内侧瓣、外侧瓣、前外侧连合、后内侧连合的高度分别为(4.47±0.77)、(3.39±0.72)、(2.89±0.86)和(2.96±0.79)mm;内侧瓣、外侧瓣的宽度为(6.13±1.14)、(7.26±1.55)mm;前群乳头肌起始点至内侧瓣、外侧瓣、后内侧连合的腱索分别有(2.04±0.78)、(2.72±0.97)、(1.28±0.67)条;后群乳头肌起始点至内侧瓣、外侧瓣、前外侧连合的腱索分别有(2.00±0.86)、(2.24±0.77)、(1.32±0.74)条。结论家兔心脏二尖瓣复合体与人类二尖瓣复合体整体相比较小,但其结构与人类具有一定相似性,仅在形态数目有特异性。
Objective To observe the anatomy of the mitral valve complex in rabbit heart, and to study and compare anatomic data of rabbit heart. Methods 50 cases of rabbit heart after formaldehyde fixation were dissected and the mitral valve complex was observed. Results The mitral valve complex of rabbit heart consisted of mitral valve annulus, valve, chordae and papillary muscles. The circumference of mitral annulus was (23.46 ± 4.34) mm. The medial flap, lateral flap, anterolateral commissure (4.47 ± 0.77), (3.39 ± 0.72), (2.89 ± 0.86) and (2.96 ± 0.79) mm, respectively. The widths of medial and lateral lobes were (6.13 ± 1.14) and (7.26 ± 1.55) mm respectively. The anterior group of papillary muscles were 2.04 ± 0.78, 2.72 ± 0.97 and 1.28 ± 0.67 in the medial, lateral and posterior medial commissures, There were (2.00 ± 0.86), (2.24 ± 0.77) and (1.32 ± 0.74) chordae between the start point and medial flap, lateral flap and anterolateral flap, respectively. Conclusion The mitral valve complex in rabbit heart is relatively small compared with that of human mitral valve complex, but its structure is similar to that of human and its specificity is only in the number of forms.