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一般机械制造厂的电焊作业以开放式为主。被焊接的材料含有不同的金属元素,焊条在燃烧过程中向空气中散发大量有害粉尘和有毒气体,因此,做好防尘防毒工作对保护电焊工的身体健康很重要。焊接时产生的有害粉尘(包括锰尘、铁尘和少量的矽尘)和有毒气体(氟化物、氮氧化物、氧化锰等)对电焊作业工人的健康有一定的危害。为了了解电焊工在开放环境下作业的职业危害程度,制订相应的防毒措施,我们初步对北京××机械厂进行了电焊作业劳动卫生学调查,结果如下:
General machinery factory welding operations to open the main. The material to be welded contains different metal elements. The welding rod emits a large amount of harmful dust and toxic gas into the air during the combustion process. Therefore, dust-proof and anti-virus work is very important for protecting the welder’s health. Harmful dust (including manganese dust, iron dust and a small amount of silica dust) and poisonous gases (fluoride, nitrogen oxides, manganese oxide, etc.) generated during welding are harmful to the health of workers in welding operations. In order to understand the occupational hazards of welders operating in an open environment and formulate appropriate anti-virus measures, we initially carried out a survey on labor hygiene of welding operations in Beijing ×× Machinery Factory. The results are as follows: