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目的检测淄博、青岛、济宁3个地区中华按蚊对DDT、溴氰菊酯、氟氯氰菊酯、马拉硫磷的敏感性,了解山东省部分地区中华按蚊的抗药性。方法采用WHO区分剂量标准和方法,观察首只蚊虫击倒时间、蚊虫击倒率和死亡数量,根据校正死亡率判断群体抗性级别。结果淄博、青岛、济宁3个地区的中华按蚊,接触4%DDT 60 min后击倒率分别为31.78%、22.32%和25.66%,24 h恢复后的死亡率分别为34.58%、30.40%和24.67%,均为抗性级别(R);接触0.05%溴氰菊酯60 min后的击倒率分别为40.20%、42.16%和22.73%,24 h恢复后的死亡率分别为86.58%、61.85%和31.94%,淄博地区的中华按蚊对溴氰菊酯形成初步抗性(M),青岛和济宁市的中华按蚊为抗性级别(R);接触0.15%氟氯氰菊酯60 min后的击倒率分别为14.29%、30.10%和13.00%,24 h恢复后的死亡率分别为66.39%、42.77%和22.05%,均为抗性级别(R);接触5%马拉硫磷60 min后的击倒率分别为31.19%、49.53%和29.52%,24 h恢复后的死亡率分别为75.09%、87.18%和81.47%,淄博地区的中华按蚊对马拉硫磷为抗性级别(R),青岛和济宁市的中华按蚊形成初步抗性(M)。结论山东省部分地区的中华按蚊对DDT和氟氯氰菊酯仍有较高的抗药性,对溴氰菊酯和马拉硫磷也有一定的抗药性和抗击倒力。在蚊媒监测与卫生灭蚊工作中,应根据不同地区蚊虫的抗药性特点采取合理的防治措施,加强蚊媒与蚊传疾病的监测预警。
Objective To detect the sensitivity of Anopheles sinensis to DDT, deltamethrin, cyfluthrin and malathion in Zibo, Qingdao and Jining and to understand the resistance of Anopheles sinensis in some areas of Shandong Province. Methods WHO divided dose criteria and methods to observe the first mosquito knockdown time, mosquito knockdown rate and the number of deaths, according to the corrected mortality rate to determine the level of population resistance. Results The knockdown rates of Anopheles sinensis in Zibo, Qingdao and Jining counties were 31.78%, 22.32% and 25.66% respectively after being exposed to 4% DDT for 60 min. The mortality after 24 h recovery was 34.58%, 30.40% and 24.67%, all of which were resistance level (R). The knockdown rates of 0.05% deltamethrin were 40.20%, 42.16% and 22.73% after 60 min exposure respectively. The mortality rates after resuming 24 h were 86.58% and 61.85% % And 31.94% respectively. Anopheles sinensis had an initial resistance to deltamethrin in Zibo area (M), an anopheles sinensis resistance grade (R) in Qingdao and Jining, and a 0.15% resistance to cyfluthrin after 60 min The rate of death after 24 h recovery was 66.39%, 42.77% and 22.05% respectively, all of which were resistance level (R); after 5% malathion exposure for 60 min The knockdown rates were 31.19%, 49.53% and 29.52%, respectively. Mortality rates after 24 h recovery were 75.09%, 87.18% and 81.47%, respectively. Anopheles sinensis resistant to malathion in Zibo area (R ), Anopheles sinensis in Qingdao and Jining City formed preliminary resistance (M). Conclusion Anopheles sinensis is still resistant to DDT and cyfluthrin in some areas of Shandong Province, and resistant to deltamethrin and malathion. In the mosquito vector monitoring and sanitation mosquito control work, reasonable measures should be taken according to the characteristics of mosquito resistance in different areas to strengthen the monitoring and early warning of mosquito vectors and mosquito-borne diseases.