用特征函数法（Ｋａｒｈｕｎｅｎ－Ｌｏｅｖｅ方法）求解分布参数系统中的偏微分方程，状态变量用包含特征函数的双正交基函数展开，可以降低方程组维数。比较动态实验获得的特征函数与模型计算值，作为竞争模型鉴别依据，并以丁烯氧化脱氢作为研究对象，说明该方法在动态动力学模型参数估计与模型鉴别上的有效性。 Using the method of characteristic function (Karhunen-Loeve method) to solve partial differential equations in a distributed parameter system, the state variables are expanded by bistra-basis functions with eigenfunctions to reduce the dimensionality of the system of equations. The characteristic function and model calculation value obtained from the dynamic experiment are compared to identify the competitive model. The oxidative dehydrogenation of butene is taken as the research object, which shows the effectiveness of the method in parameter estimation and model discrimination of dynamic kinetic model.