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对1971—2000年陇东塬区气象资料分析表明,该区气温呈现出明显的线性上升趋势,且以冬季和春季增温为主。增温表现为平均气温、最高气温和最低气温同时上升。最高气温以季节转换时升幅最大,最低气温多数时间呈现上升趋势,且升温较最高气温显著。最高气温和最低气温均以12月上升最为显著。在气候变暖的趋势下,蒸发量显著增大,界限温度初日提前、终日推后,气温稳定通过0℃和10℃积温增加,无霜期延长,春秋土壤水分减少等。降水量、日照时数、太阳辐射和空气相对湿度等农业气象要素的整体变化不显著。认为气候变暖引起的多要素变化对农业的影响有利有弊,农业管理部门应根据当地气候变化特征,及时调整种植结构,优化种植模式,趋利避害,充分挖掘气候资源潜力,提高农业经济效益。
The analysis of meteorological data of Longdongyuan area in 1971-2000 shows that the temperature in this area shows a clear linear upward trend, with the warming mainly in winter and spring. The warming shows the average temperature, the highest temperature and the lowest temperature rise at the same time. The maximum temperature showed the largest increase with the seasonal change, the minimum temperature showed an upward trend for most of the time, and the temperature was higher than the highest one. The highest and lowest temperatures both showed the most significant increase in December. In the trend of climate warming, the evaporation increased significantly, the boundary temperature first day ahead, all the day after the push, the temperature stabilized by 0 ℃ and 10 ℃ accumulated temperature increase frost-free period, spring and autumn soil moisture decreased. The overall changes of agricultural meteorological factors such as precipitation, sunshine hours, solar radiation and air relative humidity are not significant. It is considered that the multi-factor changes caused by climate warming have both advantages and disadvantages. The agricultural management department should timely adjust the planting structure according to the characteristics of local climate change, optimize the planting pattern, avoid disadvantages and exploit the potential of climate resources to improve the agricultural economy benefit.