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目的全面了解煤工尘肺患者生存质量水平,为制定提高煤工尘肺患者生存质量的措施提供科学依据。方法应用WHO生存质量评估简表(WHOQOL-BREF)、St.George’s呼吸问卷(SGRQ)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和自行设计的尘肺病调查表,采用面对面调查方式收集资料,用Epi Date3.1软件建立数据库,用SPSS 18.0软件对调查数据进行统计分析。结果 1205例煤工尘肺患者自身生存质量及自身健康状况主观感受较差,其在生理、心理、社会关系和环境4个领域得分明显低于国内常模(P<0.01),各领域得分从高到低依次为:社会领域(12.21±2.26)、心理领域(11.59±1.38)、生理领域(11.22±2.03)、环境领域(10.68±1.49);2煤工尘肺患者SGRQ各维度实测得分值从高到低依次为活动受限(77.04±17.81)、呼吸症状(67.47±19.44)、总分(64.86±15.07)、疾病影响(64.60±17.96);有焦虑、抑郁心理的煤工尘肺患者SGRQ各维度实测得分值均明显高于无焦虑、抑郁心理的患者(P<0.01);3Pearson相关分析显示,煤工尘肺患者生存质量评估简表各领域得分与SGRQ各维度测得分值间存在负相关性(P<0.05),SAS评分、SDS评分与SGRQ各维度测得分值间呈正相关(P<0.01)。结论煤工尘肺患者生存质量较差,生存质量评估简表、焦虑、抑郁心理与SGRQ之间具有高度相关性,相互结合可综合评价煤工尘肺患者的生存质量。
Objective To comprehensively understand the quality of life of pneumoconiosis patients and provide a scientific basis for the measures to improve the quality of life of coal workers with pneumoconiosis. Methods WHOQOL-BREF, St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and self-designed pneumoconiosis questionnaire were used. Face to face survey to collect data, using Epi Date3.1 software to establish a database using SPSS 18.0 software for statistical analysis of the survey data. Results The quality of life and self-health of 1205 coal workers with pneumoconiosis were subjectively worse than those of the national norm (P <0.01) in four areas of physiology, psychology, social relations and environment, and scored higher in all fields (12.21 ± 2.26), the psychological field (11.59 ± 1.38), the physiological field (11.22 ± 2.03) and the environmental field (10.68 ± 1.49). The actual measured scores of SGRQ in coal miners with pneumoconiosis (77.04 ± 17.81), respiratory symptoms (67.47 ± 19.44), total score (64.86 ± 15.07) and disease effects (64.60 ± 17.96). The SGRQ of patients with anxiety and depression (P <0.01) .3Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a negative correlation between scores of each field in the quality of life assessment of coal workers’ pneumoconiosis and scores measured by each dimension of SGRQ (P <0.05). There was a positive correlation between SAS scores and SDS scores and scores of each dimension of SGRQ (P <0.01). Conclusion Coal workers’ pneumoconiosis patients have poor quality of life, quality of life assessment summary table, anxiety, depression and SGRQ have a high correlation between the combination of comprehensive evaluation of coal workers with pneumoconiosis quality of life.