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目的嵌合抗原受体T细胞(chimeric antigen receptor T-cell,CAR-T)是从患者的血液或肿瘤组织中提取出T淋巴细胞,通过基因工程技术,采用特异性CAR基因转染后,进行体外培养增殖,进而产生一种抗肿瘤细胞。本研究总结关于CAR-T技术与血液恶性肿瘤研究现状,探讨其对血液肿瘤治疗的效果。方法以“嵌合抗原受体型T细胞、嵌合抗原受体型T细胞与肿瘤生物治疗、嵌合抗原受体型T细胞与血液肿瘤”为关键词,应用PubMed及CNKI期刊全文数据库检索系统,检索2000-01-2016-03相关文献,共检索到文献520篇。以“CAR-T的生物合成、CAR-T的作用机制、CAR-T细胞在血液肿瘤中的治疗以及CAR-T细胞临床应用研究方向”为纳入标准,符合条件的文献共有42篇。结果CAR-T细胞是通过基因修饰的方法获得的针对肿瘤细胞表面特定抗原的特异性T细胞,CAR-T细胞具有强大的抗肿瘤效果,可以在体内特异性识别并杀死肿瘤细胞。其对肿瘤细胞的识别作用是由CAR结构所决定。目前,CAR-T细胞技术常用于治疗血液肿瘤,尤其对于B细胞恶性肿瘤的治疗展现出良好的效果,并且对Ph+的高危患者和造血干细胞移植后复发的患者同样有效。结论 CAR-T细胞可能成为治疗血液恶性肿瘤的一种重要手段。
Objective Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (T-cell) is extracted from the blood or tumor tissue of patients with T lymphocytes, genetic engineering technology, using specific CAR gene transfection, carried out In vitro proliferation, and then produce an anti-tumor cells. This study summarizes the CAR-T technology and the status of hematological malignancies to investigate the effect of hematological tumors. Methods The key words of “chimeric antigen receptor type T cells, chimeric antigen receptor type T cells and tumor biotherapy, chimeric antigen receptor type T cells and hematological tumors” were used PubMed and CNKI periodical full-text database Retrieval system, retrieved 2000-01-2016-03 related documents, retrieved a total of 520 articles. Totally 42 articles were included in the study, including “the biosynthesis of CAR-T, the mechanism of CAR-T, the treatment of CAR-T cells in hematological tumors and the clinical application of CAR-T cells”. Results CAR-T cells were specific T cells obtained by genetic modification to specific antigens on the surface of tumor cells. CAR-T cells have powerful anti-tumor effect and can specifically recognize and kill tumor cells in vivo. Its recognition of tumor cells is determined by the structure of CAR. Currently, CAR-T cell technology is commonly used in the treatment of hematological tumors, especially for the treatment of B-cell malignancies, and is equally effective in high-risk patients with Ph + and patients who have relapsed after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Conclusion CAR-T cells may become an important method for the treatment of hematological malignancies.