西方国家的国有企业大多是二战后“国有化”运动的产物,对各国国民经济的发展起到了举足轻重的作用。但是,在其发展过程中,也暴露出了机构臃肿、人员庞杂、效率低下的弊端,而且使政府背上了沉重的债务负担,对其进行必要的改革是许多国家面对的共同问题。民营化改革的基本理论依 Most of the state-owned enterprises in the Western countries were the products of the “nationalization” movement after the Second World War, and played a decisive role in the development of national economies of various countries. However, in the course of its development, it also exposed the drawbacks of organizations that were overstaffed, complicated, and inefficient. It also caused the government to bear a heavy debt burden, and the necessary reforms were a common problem faced by many countries. The basic theory of privatization reform