目的掌握江苏省农村环境卫生现况。方法按照分层随机抽样的方法从江苏省全部13个省辖市中选取65个乡镇260个村1 300个农户及128所中、小学。调查垃圾、污水、厕所及粪便无害化情况,进行病媒生物监测、土壤监测及农村学校卫生监测。结果在260个行政村中,11.15%的调查村生活垃圾为随意堆放,27.80%的调查村生活污水和67.41%的调查村养殖业污水为直接排放;使用卫生户厕的占79.66%。江阴市、溧阳市、仪征市、泗洪县四地土壤有检出蛔虫卵;仅东台市出现铅含量超标,江阴市、邳州市、溧阳市、赣榆县、姜堰市、泗洪县镉含量均合格。在128所中小学中,3.12%的学校学生以直接饮用自来水为主要饮水方式。结论江苏省农村环境卫生情况总体上有较大改善,但在垃圾、污水的管理,农村病媒生物防治以及学校学生饮用水安全方面仍需进一步加强。 Objective To grasp the current situation of rural environmental health in Jiangsu Province. Methods According to the stratified random sampling method, 1 300 farmers and 128 primary and secondary schools in 260 villages of 65 townships were selected from all 13 provincial cities in Jiangsu Province. Investigate the decontamination of rubbish, sewage, toilets and excreta, carry out vector bio-monitoring, soil monitoring and rural school hygiene monitoring. As a result, of the 260 administrative villages, 11.15% of domestic garbage in the investigation villages were piled up randomly, while 27.8% of the investigated villages and 67.41% of the surveyed villages were directly discharged. The use of sanitary toilets accounted for 79.66%. Jiangyin City, Liyang City, Yizheng City, Sihong County, four soil were detected Ascaris eggs; only lead content in Dongtai exceeded, Jiangyin City, Danzhou City, Liyang City, Ganyu County, Jiangyan City, Sihong County cadmium Content are qualified. Among the 128 primary and secondary schools, 3.12% of the schoolchildren used drinking water directly as their main form of drinking water. Conclusion The overall situation of rural sanitation in Jiangsu Province has been greatly improved. However, there is still a need to further strengthen the management of refuse and sewage, prevention and control of rural vector-borne diseases and the safety of drinking water for school students.