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1968年以前,研究洋底地质学的手段主要是地球物理学和海洋地质学.1968年,联合海洋研究所深部取样组织(JOIDES)成立,并在同一年发起开展深海钻探计划(DSDP).从1968年到1983年,格拉玛挑战者号钻井船做了多次环球航行,在96个航次中总共完成了624个钻孔.这些工作使海洋地质学发展成为一门可以与大陆地质学并驾齐驱的学科.现在,我们不仅可以通过深钻或直接研究深海岩芯来验证早先根据地球物理调查提出的各种理论推测,钻探本身还带来了许多意想不到的新发现.这些新数据、新思想和新结论极大地加深了我们对海洋演化历史的认识.本文试图就我们在深海钻探计划实施15年以后获得的主要成果作一总结.
Geophysics and marine geology were the main tools for the study of the ocean floor before 1968. In 1968, JOIDES was established and the Deep Sea Drilling Program (DSDP) was launched in the same year. From 1968 to 1983, the Granmar Challenger drilling rig made several round-the-world voyages and completed a total of 624 boreholes in 96 voyages, which has led to the development of marine geology as an area that can keep pace with continental geology Disciplines Now we can not only validate the various theories previously set forth in geophysical surveys, either by deep drilling or direct studies of deep sea cores, but also bring about many unexpected new discoveries.These new data, new ideas and The new conclusion has greatly deepened our understanding of the history of the evolution of the oceans, and this article attempts to summarize the major achievements we have achieved 15 years after the implementation of the deepwater drilling program.