水运基础设施是为水路运输提供服务的公共工程,是水路运输的重要基础条件,包括港口、航道、通信导航、安全监督及其它保障系统。具体来讲,水运基础设施由3个子系统构成,分别为运输网络、运输枢纽和辅助系统。其中运输网络包括内河航道和海运航线,运输枢纽包括沿海港口和内河港口,辅助系统则包括管理系统和养护系统等方面。本文要研究的水运基础设施主要是港口及内河航道。 Water transport infrastructure is a public project serving waterway transport and is an important foundation for waterway transport including ports, waterways, communications and navigation, safety surveillance and other support systems. Specifically, the water infrastructure consists of three subsystems: transport network, transport hub and auxiliary system. Among them, the transport network includes inland waterways and sea routes, the transportation hubs include coastal ports and river ports, and the auxiliary systems include management systems and maintenance systems. The main water transport infrastructure to be studied in this paper is the port and inland waterway.