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目的探讨肺灌洗对尘肺患者血压的影响。方法采用前瞻性队列研究,入选于2006-02-2011-07在开滦职业病防治院接受肺灌洗的Ⅰ期尘肺患者87例和未灌洗尘肺患者174例进行观察随访,比较两组血压变化及高血压发病情况,用Cox回归分析肺灌洗对高血压发病风险的影响。结果中位随访3.7年后,灌洗组和未灌洗组收缩压均值分别升高4.7和8.1mmHg(P>0.05);舒张压均值分别升高1.6和5.1mmHg(P<0.05);随访期间共发生高血压78例,其中灌洗组25例,未灌洗组53例。多因素Cox风险比例回归分析显示,校正年龄、基线血压、基线心率、高血压家族史、体质量指数、吸烟、饮酒后,灌洗组发生高血压的风险为未灌洗组的37%(OR=0.37,95%CI0.19～0.72)。结论肺灌洗可以延缓尘肺患者血压的升高,降低高血压的发病风险。
Objective To investigate the effect of pulmonary lavage on blood pressure in patients with pneumoconiosis. Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted in 87 patients with stage I pneumoconiosis and 174 without irrigated pneumoconiosis admitted to Kailuan Occupational Disease Prevention Hospital from February 2006 to November 2011. The changes of blood pressure And the incidence of hypertension, Cox regression analysis of the impact of pulmonary lavage on the incidence of hypertension. Results After a median follow-up of 3.7 years, systolic blood pressure increased by 4.7 and 8.1 mmHg (P> 0.05), diastolic blood pressure increased by 1.6 and 5.1 mmHg (P <0.05), respectively. A total of 78 cases of hypertension, including 25 cases of lavage, lavage 53 cases. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that the risk of developing hypertension in the lavage group was 37% of those in the non-lavage group (age, baseline blood pressure, baseline heart rate, family history of hypertension, body mass index, smoking, = 0.37, 95% CI 0.19 ~ 0.72). Conclusion Pulmonary lavage can delay the increase of blood pressure in patients with pneumoconiosis and reduce the risk of hypertension.