中学生几乎每天都在学习,在同样的时间内学习同样的知识,有人学习效果好,思考深刻,领悟透彻;有人学习效果却不尽人意,或是慢工不出细活,或是似懂非懂,甚至如过眼云烟,前学后忘.这里有基础和素质的原因,但教师是否了解有关学习的理论并引导学生遵循其规律进行学习,也是一个重要的原因.一、“三化”原理要了解学习原理,首先要知道认知结构的基本形态.心理学告诉我们,人的认识活动都是在一定的基础上形成的,一个婴儿对世界认识的基础就是一些内化了的动作,心理学上称之为“遗传性图式”(皮亚杰语).随着认识活动的逐步深入,这种图式不断丰富,旧图式不断被打破,新图式不断地建立,于是形成人 Students learn almost every day, learn the same knowledge in the same time, some people learn well, think deeply, and understand thoroughly; some people do not know what they want, or they can not work slowly, or do not understand it There are even reasons why teachers should learn about the theory of learning and guide the students to follow their laws to learn. This is also an important reason. First, the principle of “threeizations” To understand the principle of learning, we must first know the basic form of cognitive structure.Psychology tells us that people’s cognitive activities are formed on a certain basis, a baby’s understanding of the world is based on some internalized actions, psychological Learning is called “hereditary schema” (Piaget language) .With the gradual deepening of awareness activities, this schema is constantly enriched, the old schemas are constantly being broken, and new schemas are constantly being established, so Forming people