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目的评价案例教学法(Case-based learning,CBL)相对于传统教学法对国内护理专业学生理论成绩的影响。方法通过计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库(1979.01.01~2014.10.31)、万方数据库(1982.01.01~2014.10.31)、维普中文期刊全文数据库(1989.01.01~2014.10.31),收集有关CBL和传统教学法的对照研究。在严格质量评价的基础上,使用Stata 12.0软件进行Meta分析。结果共检索到1019篇相关文献,经筛选最终纳入17篇进行Meta分析。分析结果院对于理论成绩,合并效应量[SMD合并=0.851,95%CI(0.587,1.116),<0.001],提示与传统教学法相比,CBL教学法更有助于提高护理专业学生的理论成绩。结论 CBL教学法有助于提高国内护理专业学生理论成绩。由于纳入分析的研究质量差异较大,有必要开展更多设计严谨、大样本的随机对照试验来验证。“,”Objective To assess the ef ectiveness of case-based learning (CBL) versus traditional teaching methods on knowledge of Chinese nursing students. Methods Databases, including CNKI、VIP and WANFANG were searched (up to March, 2013) for control ed studies comparing PBL and traditional teaching methods. Computer retrieval was conducted to search for control ed studies comparing CBL and traditional teaching methods in several database, including CNKI,VIP and WANFANG(up to October 31 , 2014) . The quality of of included studies was critical y evaluated and the data were analyzed by Stata 12.0 software. Results A total of 1019 relevant articles were identified , but only 17 publications were selected for the meta-analysis. Results Indicated that there were significant dif erences between CBL and traditional teaching methods in theoretical scores [SMD=0.851,95%CI (0.587,1.116), <0.001]. Conclusion CBL can improve the theoretical scores of Chinese nursing students compared with traditional teaching methods. However, the conclusion needs to be confirmed by more large-scale randomized control ed trials of higher quality due to the limitation of studies include in this meta-analysis.