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为了(1)确定井筒的变形和稳定性;(2)计算流入、流出或平行于井筒的流体;(3)评估井筒堵塞和套管水泥的密封性和轴向强度;(4)确定井筒壁的相互作用,弄清井筒壁附近岩石的水文学和力学特性是十分重要的。通常,探井筒附近的岩石由于(1)钻头;(2)岩石的应力松驰;(3)钻井流体的压力和入侵;(4)在高速和高压下,井底岩属的冲刷作用而受到损伤。使得分析井筒周围的岩石特性非常困难,在此,笔者给出用三种钻井方法钻出的不同大小井筒上因钻入所引起的裂缝的特性。三种方法都是金刚石取蕊钻井,四翼刮刀冲击钻,三牙轮球齿旋转钻头钻井。井筒直径在38～102mm。所用三种研究方法是:(1)用拉仲试验法鉴定井筒周围岩石强度的变化研究直接损伤;
(2) Calculate fluid flow into, out of or parallel to the wellbore; (3) Assess wellbore plugging and tightness and axial strength of the casing cement; (4) Determine wellbore wall deformation and stability; It is important to understand the hydrological and mechanical properties of rocks near the wellbore wall. In general, rocks near the exploration wellbore are affected by (1) drill bit; (2) stress relaxation of the rock; (3) pressure and invasion of the drilling fluid; (4) under high speed and pressure, damage. This makes it very difficult to analyze the characteristics of rocks around the wellbore. Here, I give the characteristics of the fractures caused by drilling due to drilling with three different drilling methods. The three methods are diamond core drilling, four-blade scraper impact drill, three cone gear rotary drill bit drilling. Wellbore diameter 38 ~ 102mm. The three research methods used are: (1) Studying the change of rock strength around wellbore by pull-pull test to study direct damage;