一、前言预应力混凝土桥等混凝土结构物的应力通常用量测混凝土的应变乘以弹性系数的方法测定。用这种方法,应变的量测值中除了弹性应变外还包含蠕变、干燥收缩应变,所以由应变求得的应力变成所谓“表观应力”。特别是在连续长期量测情况下,这种蠕变、干燥收缩应变就不能忽视。为此,假如要知道弹性应变以及与此对应的实际应力、蠕变、干燥收缩应变的大小,就有必要把两者分开。分离方法中最直接的是按混凝土应力计测量实际应力。混凝 I. Preface Prestressed concrete bridges and other concrete structures, the stress is usually measured by measuring the concrete strain multiplied by the elastic coefficient of the method of determination. In this way, the strain measured in addition to creep, dry shrinkage strain in addition to the elastic strain, so the stress obtained from the strain becomes the so-called “apparent stress”. Especially in the case of continuous long-term measurement, this creep, dry shrinkage strain can not be ignored. To this end, if you want to know the elastic strain and the corresponding actual stress, creep, dry shrinkage strain, it is necessary to separate the two. The most direct method of separation is to measure the actual stress by concrete stress meter. Coagulation