在亚非国家,伤寒住院病例的病死率仍高达12～32%,即使应用相应的抗生素与支持疗法,仍难以使重症伤寒的死亡率降低。作者在大剂量皮质类固醇治疗革兰氏阴性杆菌败血症与休克的启发下,设想大剂量地塞米松可能降低重症伤寒的病死率,并经前瞻性随机双盲研究所证实。 In Asian and African countries, the mortality rate of typhoid fever inpatient cases is still as high as 12 to 32%. Even with the corresponding antibiotics and supportive therapies, it is still hard to reduce the mortality rate of severe typhoid fever. Inspired by the high-dose corticosteroid treatment of Gram-negative bacilli and septicemia, the authors envisaged that large doses of dexamethasone may reduce the mortality of severe typhoid fever and was confirmed by a prospective randomized double-blind study.