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建设活动消耗了大量能源,研究建筑业能耗测算方法并分析其影响因素有助于建筑业的节能减排.采用投入产出生命周期评价模型测算建筑业能耗,分析建筑业能耗对部门间联系、部门能源强度和建筑业规模等因素变化的敏感性,提出部门对建筑业能耗的技术责任系数和结构责任系数,以判断部门在降低建筑业能耗中的责任.结果表明,2010年我国建筑业能耗为1.07×109t(以标准煤计);技术责任系数最大的部门是黑色金属冶炼及延压(0.489 8),其次是非金属矿物制品(0.479 8)和化工(0.211 8)等;除建筑业外,结构责任系数较大的部门包括非金属矿物制品(0.276 4)和黑色金属冶炼及延压(0.246 0)等;建筑业能耗对黑色金属冶炼及延压(0.243 8)和非金属矿物制品(0.203 4)等部门能源强度的变化最敏感.降低建筑业能耗应注重促进高能耗建材生产节能、强化建设活动科学管理、推广高性能低能耗材料应用、提高基础设施建设水平和深化住房市场化改革等方面.
The construction activity consumes a large amount of energy, studying the calculation method of construction energy consumption and analyzing its influencing factors contribute to the energy saving and emission reduction of the construction industry.Using the input-output life cycle assessment model to measure the energy consumption in the construction industry and analyzing the energy consumption in the construction industry, The relationship between departmental energy intensity and the scale of the construction industry and other factors, the department proposed the technical responsibility coefficient and structural responsibility coefficient of energy consumption in the construction industry to judge the department’s responsibility in reducing the energy consumption in the construction industry.The results show that in 2010 China’s energy consumption in the construction industry was 1.07 × 109t (in terms of standard coal); the sector with the highest technical responsibility coefficient was ferrous metal smelting and rolling (0.489 8), followed by non-metallic mineral products (0.479 8) and chemicals (0.211 8) (0.276 4), smelting and rolling of ferrous metals (0.246 0), etc.; energy consumption by construction sector smelting and rolling down ferrous metals (0.243 8%), while non-metallic mineral products ) And non-metallic mineral products (0.203 4) and other departments most sensitive to changes in energy intensity to reduce energy consumption in the construction industry should focus on promoting energy-efficient building materials production and energy conservation, and strengthen the scientific management of construction activities to promote high-performance low Application material consumption, improve the level of infrastructure development and deepening of market-oriented reform of the housing and so on.