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日本旅客列车采用空调装置是从1957年在特快“回声号”列车上安装分散式冷冻机组开始的。最近,电动客车空调化进展迅速,空调化的系数已约占45％,因而列车空调制冷消耗的电能对整个电动客车运行用电产生了较大影响。关于旅客列车空调制冷节能问题,应从两个方面考虑:第一,降低机器单体的电能消耗(硬件方面);第二,采用可以节能的运转方法(软件方面)。这两者的巧妙组合,是极其重要的。日本客车空调多半是车顶式冷冻机组。
The use of air conditioners for Japanese passenger trains began with the installation of decentralized chillers on the Express Echo trains in 1957. Recently, the rapid development of electric passenger car air conditioning, air conditioning has accounted for about 45% of the coefficient, so the train air conditioning and cooling power consumption of the entire electric passenger car operation had a greater impact. On the issue of air-conditioning and energy-saving refrigeration trains, should be considered from two aspects: First, to reduce the power consumption of the machine monomer (hardware); second, the use of energy-saving methods of operation (software). The clever combination of the two is extremely important. Most Japanese air-conditioned bus roof refrigeration unit.