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0引言保护性耕作技术是对农田实行免耕、少耕,尽可能减少土壤耕作(只要能保证种子发芽即可),并用作物秸秆、残茬覆盖地表,用化学药物来控制杂草和病虫害,从而减少土壤风蚀、水蚀,提高土壤肥力和抗旱能力的一项先进农业耕作技术。改革不合理的耕作制度,大力推广机械化保护性耕作技术,尽快建立起以现代科学技术为核心的新型保护性耕作制度,是农业可持续发展的客观要求,也是从根本上确保耕地永续利用和保护、改善生态环境的迫切需要。我国在进入20世纪90年代以来,随着现代农业技术的进步,保护性耕作研究与示范工作发展速度加快,国家农业部将保护性耕作技术作为重点推广的农业技术之一,在西北、华北、东北和南方进行示
0 Introduction Conservation tillage technology involves practicing no-tillage and less tillage on farmland, minimizing soil tillage (as long as seed germination can be guaranteed), and using crop stalks to cover the ground with chemicals and to control weeds and pests and diseases. Thereby reducing soil erosion, water erosion, improve soil fertility and drought resistance of an advanced farming techniques. To reform the irrational farming system, to promote mechanized conservation tillage technology and establish a new type of conservation tillage system with modern science and technology as the core is an objective requirement for sustainable agricultural development and a fundamental guarantee for the sustainable use of cultivated land and Protect and improve the ecological environment in urgent need. Since the 1990s in our country, with the progress of modern agricultural technology and the accelerated development of conservation tillage research and demonstration work, the Ministry of Agriculture regards conservation tillage technology as one of the key agricultural technologies promoted in Northwest China, North China, Northeast and South to show