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研究了不同生物气候带下的几种土壤对Ｃｕ，Ｐｂ、Ｃｄ、Ｆ的吸附特性、缓冲性及其对土壤中养分元素比例变化的影响；改良剂ＣａＣＯ３及Ｋ２ＨＰＯ４的使用对土壤一植物系统中养分元素分布及有效性的影响。结果表明，有机质含量高的泥炭土及ＣａＣＯ３含量高的褐土对Ｃｕ、Ｐｂ、Ｃｄ的吸附性强，缓冲性强，而红壤及黄棕壤对上述供试元素吸附性弱，缓冲性弱。Ｃｕ、Ｐｂ、Ｃｄ污染使土壤溶液中Ｃａ含量增加，Ｆ污染使土壤溶液中Ｆｅ含量增加。施用改良剂可以改变土壤－植物系统中的可溶态Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｃａ、Ｍｇ的分布。在红壤、黄棕壤中施加ＣａＣＯ３比施加Ｋ２ＨＰＯ４效果为佳，可以增加土壤－植物系统中养分元系的有效性。
The effects of different soil types on the sorption properties of Cu, Pb, Cd and F, their buffer properties and the changes of nutrient elements in soil were studied. The effects of CaCO3 and K2HPO4 on soil-plant system Effect of Nutrient Distribution and Effectiveness. The results showed that the cinnamon soil with high organic matter content and the cinnamon soil with high content of CaCO3 had strong adsorption to Cu, Pb and Cd and strong cushioning, while the red soil and yellow brown soil had weak adsorption and weak buffer to the above elements. The contents of Ca in soil solution increased with the contamination of Cu, Pb and Cd, and F pollution increased the Fe content in soil solution. Application of modifiers can alter the distribution of soluble Fe, Mn, Ca, Mg in soil-plant systems. In red soil and yellow brown soil, the application of CaCO3 is better than that of K2HPO4, which can increase the availability of nutrient elements in soil-plant system.