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混凝土结构的耐久性设计传统做法都是对材料种类、材料组成及结构的尺寸等提出模糊和定性的要求。按照这种规则,就不可能准确的弄清结构寿命与耐久性之间的直接关系,并以最优的费用来确定能够满足耐久性要求的材料组成。本文介绍了一个能够较好的用于钢筋混凝土结构设计的耐久性设计程序,该程序可以在确保周期费用最优化的条件下直接将耐久性设计与结构设计过程统一起来。耐久性评价是基于根据超过极限状态程度的原则来确定使用寿命,这种极限状态是结构设计中常用的概念。通常有两种破坏极限状态用于评价由于海水浸入而导致钢筋受腐蚀的情况。在结构寿命设计时混凝土的使用寿命决定了将来的维修费用和时机,在初始费用和将来的运营费用间进行比较权衡,从寿命周期费用的观点来选取最合适的设计方案。另外,由于各种设计和环境因素对寿命周期费用的影响,结构的耐久性也要进行评估。
The traditional design of durability of concrete structures are both fuzzy and qualitative requirements on the type of materials, the composition of the materials and the size of the structure. According to this rule, it is impossible to accurately find out the direct relationship between the service life and the durability, and at the best cost to determine the material composition that meets the durability requirements. This article presents a durability design program that can be better used in RC structural designs that unifies the durability design directly with the structural design process while ensuring optimal cycle costs. Durability evaluation is based on the principle of determining the lifetime based on the extent of exceeding the limit state, which is a concept commonly used in structural design. There are usually two types of damage limits that are used to evaluate corrosion of reinforcing bars due to seawater intrusion. The service life of the concrete in the design of the service life of the structure determines the future maintenance costs and the timing, makes a comparative trade-off between the initial cost and the future operation cost, and selects the most suitable design plan from the viewpoint of the life cycle cost. In addition, the durability of the structure needs to be assessed due to the impact of various design and environmental factors on the life-cycle costs.