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目的探讨新发晚期血吸虫病(晚血)发生的危险因素。方法在洞庭湖2个血吸虫病流行县,采用1:2配对病例-对照研究。选择2006-2007年新发现的腹水型和巨脾型晚血病人60例作为病例组;以配对条件选择120例慢性血吸虫病人作为对照组。设计包含晚血危险因素的问卷,采用面对面的调查方式收集信息。使用SPSS12.0软件进行晚血病人发生的单因素及条件logistic回归的危险因素分析。结果乙肝病史(OR=10.729)、接触疫水方式(OR=3.919)、年均接触疫水天数(OR=5.457)和近10年化疗次数(OR=1.578)4个因素为晚血发生的危险因素;血吸虫病查出次数为晚血发生的保护因素;未发现晚血与年人均收入、文化程度、晚血家族史、血吸虫病检查次数和血清学检查阳性次数5个因素的关联性。结论长期接触疫水、反复感染、未能及时检查诊断和治疗是晚血发生的关键因素,合并乙肝病毒感染可加速晚血的形成。
Objective To explore the risk factors of newly diagnosed advanced schistosomiasis (late blood). Methods Two schistosomiasis endemic counties in Dongting Lake were studied with 1: 2 matched case-control study. Sixty-six newly diagnosed cases of ascites and splenomegaly were selected as cases from 2006 to 2007, and 120 cases of chronic schistosomiasis were selected as the control group. Design a questionnaire that includes risk factors for late blood and collect information using a face-to-face survey. Using SPSS12.0 software for late-onset patients with univariate and conditional logistic regression analysis of risk factors. Results Four factors of history of hepatitis B (OR = 10.729), contact with water (OR = 3.919), number of days exposed to water (OR = 5.457) and number of chemotherapy The number of schistosomiasis detection was the protective factor of late blood. No correlation was found between late blood and per capita income, educational level, family history of late blood, the number of schistosomiasis tests and the number of positive serological tests. Conclusion Long-term exposure to water, repeated infections, failure to timely diagnosis and treatment of late blood is the key to the occurrence of complications, combined with hepatitis B virus infection can accelerate the formation of late blood.