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丁胺卡那霉素是卡那霉素A的半合成衍生物。其开发是由于某些细菌菌株产生钝化酶,因而对某些氨基糖苷类抗生素耐药。丁胺卡那霉素分子中的某些功能基可免受细菌产生的钝化酶破坏。其理化、药理学和药代动力学特点与其它氨基糖苷类抗生素相似,优点在于很少产生耐药菌株,对其它氨基糖苷类抗生素耐药的菌株对丁胺卡那霉素仍敏感。此药还有易进入组织,具有杀菌作用和抑制细菌蛋白合成等优点。此药易溶于水,室温下水溶液稳定,可静脉滴注,但可与肝素、青霉素和头孢菌素相互作用而使其抗菌活性减弱,在碱性条件下具有很强的抗菌活性。抗菌谱丁胺卡那霉素是广谱抗生素。
Amikacin is a semi-synthetic derivative of kanamycin A. It was developed because some bacterial strains produce inactivation enzymes and are therefore resistant to certain aminoglycoside antibiotics. Certain functional groups in amikacin molecules are protected from the inactivation enzymes produced by the bacteria. Its physical and chemical, pharmacological and pharmacokinetic characteristics similar to other aminoglycoside antibiotics, the advantage is that rarely resistant strains, other aminoglycoside-resistant strains resistant to amikacin is still sensitive. The drug also easy to enter the tissue, with bactericidal effect and inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis and so on. The drug is easily soluble in water, stable aqueous solution at room temperature, intravenous infusion, but with heparin, penicillin and cephalosporin interaction to make its antibacterial activity weakened in alkaline conditions has a strong antibacterial activity. Antibacterial spectrum amikacin broad-spectrum antibiotics.