革命前的波兰人民一直把生儿育女当作家庭首要的职能。多数人认为,无子女是家庭的不幸,是对罪过的报应,无子女家庭算不上完整的家庭。男子婚后无子女,也会引起人们的同情和怜悯,但多数情况下,只能成为众人冷嘲热讽的目标。这种男子在乡村中社会地位很低,人们不会选他担当公共职务,解决村里的大事也不会找他商量。妇女结婚而无子女,则命运更惨,丈夫一方的亲戚及市井长舌妇会发出各种各样的恶言冷语,谩骂中伤。无子女常是夫妇和美的首要障 The pre-revolutionary Polish people have always regarded childbearing as the primary function of their family. Most people think that childlessness is a family misfortune, a retribution against sin, and a family without children as a complete family. Men have no children after marriage, will also cause people’s sympathy and compassion, but in most cases, can only become a cynical goal. Such men have a very low social status in the villages. People will not choose him for public office and will not find a solution to the major events in the village. When women marry without children, the fate is even worse. One of her husband’s relatives and a long-held girlfriend will make all sorts of vicious words and scolds and slander. No children are often the primary barrier to couples and beauty