中国全面的改革开放和快速经济增长源于上世纪80年代初对传统收入分配体制的改革。然而,自传统的“平均主义”和“大锅饭”体制被打破后的短短20多年时间内,居民收入差距呈持续快速扩大的趋势,成为人们关注的焦点问题。那么,当前中国居民收入差距主要表现在哪些方面?如何评价这些收入差距状况?针对这些收入差距状况,政府应当采取哪些措施予以应对?本文试图通过收集相关资料进行国际比较,揭示问题背后的成因,并提出若干政策建议。 China's comprehensive reform and opening up and rapid economic growth stem from the reform of the traditional income distribution system in the early 1980s. However, since the traditional system of “egalitarianism” and “big pot” was broken, within a short period of more than 20 years, the income gap between residents has been continuously and rapidly expanding and has become a focus of attention. So, what are the current income disparities in China? How to evaluate the status of these income disparities? In view of these income disparities, what measures should be taken by the government to deal with? This article tries to reveal the reasons behind the problems by collecting relevant data for international comparison, And made a number of policy recommendations.