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实验发现岩石挤压破裂会在特定微波频段辐射能量增强。根据星载微波辐射计AMSR-E2003年至2010年4月中上旬8 a的辐射亮度温度(Tb)数据,提出辐射异常指数RAI,检测地震岩石挤压破裂产生的微波能量辐射异常。利用大气辐射传输模型,分析地表物理温度和大气水汽含量等变化对于检测RAI的影响。对2010年4月12日(2010年4月14日玉树地震发生前两日)的Tb数据作RAI分析,RAI异常的检测区域与地震主断裂带分布有明显的空间相关性。
Experiments show that the rock extrusion fracture will increase the radiation energy in a specific microwave frequency band. Radiation anomaly index RAI was proposed according to the radiation temperature (Tb) data of AMSR-E from 2003 to the mid-April 2010 of the spaceborne microwave radiometer, and the radiation energy anomalies of microwaves generated by the crush of seismic rock were detected. The atmospheric radiation transmission model was used to analyze the influence of changes in surface physical temperature and atmospheric water vapor content on the detection of RAI. For the RAI analysis of Tb data on April 12, 2010 (two days prior to the Yushu earthquake on April 14, 2010), there is a clear spatial correlation between the detection area of the RAI anomaly and the distribution of the main earthquake fault.