肾脏是体内药物、废物代谢和排泄的主要器官,这些物质可通过许多方式对肾脏造成损害。近年来,由于临床药物的广泛应用以至滥用,药源性致肾脏损害已日益受到人们的重视。引起肾损害的常见药物1.氨基糖甙类抗生素 此类药物是肾毒性最大的一类抗生素。肾毒性与用药时间、剂量有关,一般于用药5～7天起病,7～10天时最强。尿低分子蛋白及溶酶体酶排出增多,急性肾功能衰竭最常见,伴有肾性失钾和失镁及引起低镁和低钾血症。造成肾衰往往与高龄、脱水、合用其他肾毒性药物、原有肝肾疾病和缺 The kidneys are the main organs of the body’s medicines, waste metabolism and excretion, and these substances can damage the kidneys in many ways. In recent years, due to the widespread use of clinical drugs and even abuse, drug-induced renal damage has been increasingly received by people’s attention. Common drugs that cause kidney damage 1. Aminoglycoside antibiotics These drugs are the largest class of nephrotoxic antibiotics. Nephrotoxicity and medication time, dose-related, usually 5 to 7 days medication onset, the strongest in 7 to 10 days. Excretion of urinary low-protein protein and lysosomal enzymes increased acute renal failure most common, accompanied by renal loss of magnesium and magnesium loss and cause low magnesium and hypokalemia. Often caused by renal failure and advanced age, dehydration, combined with other nephrotoxic drugs, the original liver and kidney disease and lack of