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本文试图从认知学的视角探讨定名的理据。指出定名与人们对客体特征观察有着密切的关系。作者从相当数量的名词术语中看到人类感官观察对定名所起的作用。通过对汉英两种语言的一些名词进行对比研究,发现有一部分双语词是对等的或基本对等的,而有更多的双语词只是对应,而不能说是对等,因为它们是依据各自对客体观察得到的特征命名,它们的所指意义相同,但是内涵意义不同,即它们同指而表述不一。
This article attempts to explore the rationale for naming from the perspective of cognitive science. It is pointed out that there is a close relationship between naming and observation of the characteristics of the object. From a considerable number of terminology, the authors see the role of human sensory observations in naming. Through the comparative study of some nouns in Chinese and English languages, it is found that some bilingual words are equivalent or substantially equivalent, while more bilingual words are only corresponding but not equivalent because they are based on They each name the observed features of the object. They refer to the same meaning but have different connotations, that is, they have different meanings.