当欧洲的封建王朝承认其领土内拥有共同文化和历史的人民可以自组国家的时候,政党就变得日益重要。这些政党尽管代表不同的利益集团,但都致力于把自己的国家建设得更加富裕、强大和统一。随着英国、法国、荷兰等帝国势力的撤退,这一模式被带到世界其他地方。在东南亚,帝国势力撤退后留下的国家既没有共同文化也没有相似历史,因此,许多由当地政治领袖创建的政党就试图利用国家机器来建构民族国家。本文主要考察这种“引进”的民族国家模式在东南亚如何催生各种各样的政党,这些政党又为何需要强大的国家来塑造未来的民族。各种经验表明,在民族国家中能发挥影响力的政党,对正努力将自己看作新生民族的人们及其生活,可能起着分化与破坏作用。 Political parties have become increasingly important when feudal dynasties in Europe recognize the common culture and history of peoples within their territories as their own. Although these political parties represent different interest groups, they are all committed to building their own country more prosperous, stronger and unified. With the retreat of the British, French, Dutch and other imperial powers, this model was taken to the rest of the world. In Southeast Asia, the countries left after the retreat of the imperial forces have neither common culture nor a similar history. Therefore, many political parties founded by local political leaders have tried to use state machines to build a nation-state. This article examines how this “national” model of “introduction” has spawned a variety of political parties in Southeast Asia, and why these parties need strong nations to shape the nation of the future. Various experiences show that political parties that can exert their influence in the nation-state can play a role of differentiation and sabotage for those who are striving to regard themselves as new-born people and their lives.