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目的：建立评价疟疾监测效果的综合指标。方法：用德尔菲（Ｄｅｌｐｈｉ）法由专家对常用效果评价指标进行筛选，以确定主要效果评价指标的权重，进而建立疟疾监测效果指数的计算式。结果：通过专家咨询方式确定主要效果指标的权重（Ｗ），分别为：当地感染的发病率为０．３６、病人检出比例为０．３１和输入继发病例／输入病例为０．３３。得出疟疾监测效果指数（ＭＳＥＩ）＝Σｎｉ＝１Ｘｉ·Ｗｉ。按此式对甲、乙两种方案监测试点进行费用－效果分析，计算所得的得分分别为４８．５６和４５．９３，以致甲方案每取得１分约需乙方案所需费用的４倍。结论：此疟疾监测效果指数较为实际地反映疟疾监测方案的总体效果，适合于不同监测方案费用－效果评价。
Objective: To establish a comprehensive index to evaluate the effect of malaria surveillance. Methods: Delphi method was used by experts to screen the common evaluation indexes to determine the weight of the main evaluation indexes, and then to establish the formula of malaria monitoring effect index. RESULTS: The weight (W) of key performance indicators was determined by expert consultation, with a local incidence of 0.36, a prevalence of 0.31, and a secondary input of 0.33. The malaria surveillance effect index (MSEI) = Σni = 1Xi · Wi was obtained. According to this formula, the cost-benefit analysis of the two pilot programs of A and B was conducted. The calculated scores were 48.56 and 45.93, respectively. Conclusion: The malaria surveillance effect index reflects the overall effect of the malaria surveillance program more practically and is suitable for cost-effectiveness evaluation of different surveillance programs.