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化肥为农作物的正常生长提供必要的营养物质,但磷肥和钾肥均含有一定丰度的天然放射性核素。因为地质上磷和铀共生,利用磷矿转化为磷肥,其中难免夹杂着或多或少的铀、钍和镭;钾肥中也含有~(40)K。将放射性核素丰度比土壤高的肥料施入农田,就会污染土壤、空气、水源和农产品,放射性污染会涉及众多人口的剂量水平问题。人们早已注意到这一点,并开展了有关的研究工作。近几年来,我们应用简单的物理测量分析方法,对一些常用化肥进行了初步的随机抽样测量,获得了一些资料,为进一步开展这方面的研究工作提供了定量依据。
Fertilizer for the normal growth of crops to provide the necessary nutrients, but both phosphate and potassium fertilizers contain a certain abundance of natural radionuclides. Because of the geological coexistence of phosphorus and uranium, the use of phosphate rock into phosphate fertilizer, which inevitably mixed with more or less uranium, thorium and radium; potassium also contains ~ (40) K. Application of fertilizers that have a higher abundance of radionuclides than soil to soils can contaminate soils, air, water and agricultural products, and radioactive contamination can involve dose levels for many populations. People have long noticed this point and carried out relevant research work. In recent years, we applied some simple methods of physical measurement and analysis to conduct some preliminary random sampling surveys on some commonly used fertilizers and got some information, which provides a quantitative basis for further research in this field.