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资本积累与“生产外部条件”。马克思主义政治经济学认为,生态问题的根源在于,资本积累对“生产的外部条件”的需求增长过快,超出了自然界对这一条件的再生产能力。资本全球化导致生态破坏的全球化。资本对资源的无节制开采与废弃物堆积,带来了生态问题的全球化。资本积累的矛盾通过对外直接投资、全球化产业链和国际贸易,部分地转化为生态矛
Capital Accumulation and “Production External Conditions ”. According to Marxist political economy, the root cause of ecological problems lies in the excessively rapid growth of demand for “external conditions of production ” by capital accumulation, exceeding the ability of nature to reproduce this condition. Globalization of capital leads to the globalization of ecological destruction. Capital’s uncontrolled exploitation of resources and the accumulation of waste have brought about the globalization of ecological problems. The contradiction of capital accumulation is partly transformed into ecological spears through outward direct investment, globalization of industrial chains and international trade