神经干细胞具有自我更新、未分化和多向分化潜能 ,还可发生转分化和去分化等生物学特性。随着对神经干细胞增殖、分化调控机制的研究和基因工程技术的应用而发展起来的原位诱导、细胞移植和基因治疗 ,使神经干细胞不仅为神经发育研究提供了新思路 ,还成为临床治疗神经系统疾病的一种极具潜能的全新策略。本文就神经干细胞的基础研究动态和应用前景做一综述。 Neural stem cells have the potential of self-renewal, undifferentiation and multi-directional differentiation, but also biological characteristics such as transdifferentiation and dedifferentiation. With the development of neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation regulation and the application of genetic engineering technology, in situ induction, cell transplantation and gene therapy have made neural stem cells not only provide new ideas for neurodevelopment research, but also become the clinical treatment of nerve A very potential new strategy for systemic diseases. This review summarizes the basic research trends and application prospects of neural stem cells.