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例1:女,57岁。幼年时患麻疹后开始喘咳,20岁以后好转,45岁以后又发生喘咳,咳白色泡沫痰,近10年来加重,常需高枕而卧,半月来双下肢浮肿,咳喘明显,不能平卧。既往史无特殊。体检:端坐呼吸,唇、指发绀。呼吸28次/分,血压120/80mmHg,颈静脉怒张,桶状胸,双侧肺叩诊过清音,听得散在性哮鸣音及湿性罗音。心音遥远,心率120次/分,心律整齐。无杂音,A_2=P_2。腹部稍膨隆,腹水征(+),肝肋下3cm,质中,压痛(+),脾未及。双下肢凹陷性水肿。Hb150g/L,RBC5.1×10~(12)/L,WBC12.5×10~9/L,中性76％。心电图提示右室肥大,肺型P波。入院后经氧气吸入,抗感
Example 1: Female, 57 years old. Infantile onset of asthma after suffering from measles, improved after the age of 20, 45 years after the occurrence of cough, cough, white foam sputum, increased in the past 10 years, often require high pillow and lying half months to lower extremity edema, cough obvious, can not be flat Lying No previous history. Physical examination: sitting breathing, lips, refers to cyanosis. Breathing 28 beats / min, blood pressure 120 / 80mmHg, jugular vein engorgement, barrel chest, bilateral lung percussion over the voiceless, heard scattered wheezing and wet rales. Heart sounds far, heart rate 120 beats / min, heart rhythm. No noise, A_2 = P_2. Abdomen slightly bulging, signs of ascites (+), liver ribs 3cm, quality, tenderness (+), spleen and not. Depression of both lower extremity edema. Hb150g / L, RBC5.1 × 10-12 / L, WBC12.5 × 10-9 / L, neutral 76%. ECG prompted right ventricular hypertrophy, pulmonary P wave. After admission by oxygen inhalation, anti-flu