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为了提高云南甘蔗品种资源的利用效率,为甘蔗遗传育种亲本的选择、杂交组合配制提供理论指导,本研究从18个质量性状和5个数量性状对73份云南甘蔗品种和27份中国历年主栽甘蔗品种(不包括云南选育的主栽品种)的遗传变异、遗传多样性、聚类关系等开展了研究。结果表明:云南甘蔗品种芽形、曝光后节间颜色、曝光前节间颜色、芽沟和57号毛群的多样性十分丰富;而数量性状的遗传变异主要来自叶片宽度和株高;相似性系数和聚类分析表明品种的相似性处于中等水平,可分成2个大类群4个亚类群及20个小类群,主成份分析表明云南甘蔗品种和中国历年主栽品种可划分为3个明显的基因库,与聚类分析结果基本一致。
In order to improve the utilization efficiency of Yunnan sugarcane variety resources and provide theoretical guidance for the selection and hybrid combination preparation of sugarcane genetic breeding parents, this study analyzed the effects of 18 quality traits and 5 quantitative traits on 73 Yunnan sugarcane varieties and 27 Chinese Genetic variation, genetic diversity and clustering relationships of sugarcane varieties (not including the main cultivated varieties in Yunnan) were studied. The results showed that the diversity of Yunnan sugarcane varieties in bud shape, internode color after exposure, internode color before exposure, bud ditch and 57th wool group was very rich. The genetic variation of quantitative traits mainly came from leaf width and plant height; Coefficient and cluster analysis showed that the similarity of cultivars was at medium level, which could be divided into 4 subgroups and 20 subgroups of 2 major groups. Principal component analysis showed that Yunnan sugarcane varieties and Chinese main cultivars could be divided into 3 distinct Gene pool, consistent with cluster analysis results.