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以对霜霉病具有不同抗性的3个葡萄品种Fredonia、西拉和赤霞珠为材料,研究一氧化氮(NO)和过氧化氢(H2O2)在调控葡萄抵御霜霉病菌感染过程中的生理机制。结果表明:接种葡萄霜霉病菌后3个葡萄品种叶片中NO和H2O2含量均有猝发现象,H2O2猝发早于NO,抗性强的品种Fredonia的变化快而显著;外施一定浓度的NO供体硝普钠(SNP)和H2O2均可减缓霜霉病菌侵染过程,降低感病率和平均病情指数,并且能够不同程度地提高抗性弱的葡萄品种赤霞珠叶片的过氧化物酶(POD)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、β-1,3-葡聚糖酶(Glu)和几丁质酶(Cht)活性,增强葡萄过敏性坏死反应;而NO和H2O2的清除剂2-4,4,5,5-苯-四甲基咪唑-1-氧-3-氧化物(cPTIO)和抗坏血酸(AsA)在一定程度上能够提高感病率和平均病情指数。推测NO和H2O2可以通过提高POD、PAL、Glu和Cht病程相关蛋白活性,进而增强葡萄对霜霉病的抗性。
Three grape cultivars Fredonia, Syrah and Cabernet Sauvignon, which had different resistance to downy mildew, were used to study the effects of nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on the regulation of grapes against downy mildew Physiological mechanism. The results showed that the contents of NO and H2O2 in leaves of three grape cultivars inoculated with downy mildew caused by P. viticola were abrupt, the changes of H2O2 were earlier than that of NO, and the change of Fredonia was rapid and significant. Exogenous NO donor Both sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and H2O2 could slow down the process of downy mildew infection, reduce the susceptible rate and average disease index, and could increase the peroxidase (POD) ), PAL, β-glucanase (Glu) and chitinase (Cht) activity, and enhance the allergic reaction of grapes necrosis; and NO and H2O2 scavenger 2-4,4,5,5-Benzene-tetramethylimidazole-1-oxo-3-oxide (cPTIO) and ascorbic acid (AsA) to some extent to improve the prevalence and the average disease index. Speculated that NO and H2O2 could enhance the resistance of grape to downy mildew by increasing the activity of POD, PAL, Glu and Cht related pathogenesis.