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本文通过对湖北两市三县12700名0～14岁智力低下儿童进行流行病学调查,确诊智力低下儿童128人,患病率为1.01％。农村高于城市,山区高于平原,无性别差异。患病随年龄增长,学龄期达高峰,轻度患者占56.25％,中、重度占43.7％。属于医学因素引起者占77.34％,其中遗传或产前因素占41.4％,产时因素占16.16％,产后因素占34.34％。属于非医学因素者占22.65％,包括社会、文化及原因不明等因素。所获数据对制定人口政策,落实优生优育法规提供了科学依据。
Based on the epidemiological survey of 12,700 mentally retarded children aged 0-14 in three counties of Hubei Province, 128 children with mental retardation were diagnosed, the prevalence was 1.01%. The rural areas are higher than the cities, the mountain areas are higher than the plain areas, and there is no gender difference. Illness increases with age, school age peak, mild patients accounted for 56.25%, moderate and severe accounted for 43.7%. 77.34% were attributable to medical factors, of which 41.4% were genetic or prenatal, 16.16% were labor and 34.34% were postpartum. Non-medical factors accounted for 22.65%, including social, cultural and other reasons unknown. The data obtained provide a scientific basis for formulating population policies and implementing laws and regulations on prenatal and postnatal care.