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进入近代社会以后,当英、法等国资产阶级通过自下而上的革命全面掌握国家政权,深入展开政治现代化之时,德国资产阶级却未能承担起历史赋予的重任,成为德国政治现代化的主导力量。造成德国资产阶级领导地位在其近代政治现代化过程中缺失的原因主要在于,当时德国国内的阶级力量对比状况不利于资产阶级掌权:首先,德国资产阶级发展过程中对统治阶级异乎寻常的依赖性,使其自身缺乏足够的阶级实力成为整个社会的主要领导力量;其次,德国大众的服从权威思想和德国工人阶级对资产阶级的不认同,使得资产阶级缺乏强大可靠的同盟支持;再次,德国容克贵族采取了适时而进的改革策略,主动抓住了历史先机展开改革而变得更为强大。
After entering the modern society, when the bourgeoisie in Britain, France and other countries fully mastered state power and deepened political modernization through the bottom-up revolution, the German bourgeoisie failed to shoulder the heavy responsibility entrusted by history and became Germany’s political modernization Leading force. The main reason that led to the absence of German bourgeois leadership in the modern political modernization was that the comparison of the class power in Germany at that time was not conducive to the bourgeoisie’s power. First, the unusual dependence of the ruling class in Germany’s bourgeois development, Secondly, the authoritarian thinking of the German public and the disagreement of the bourgeoisie by the German working class make the bourgeoisie lack strong and reliable alliance support. Thirdly, the German Juncker Aristocracy took a timely and appropriate reform strategy, take the initiative to seize the opportunity to start the reform of history and become more powerful.