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类比是一种由特殊到特殊或由一般到一般的推理，是根据两个（或两类）对象之间存在某些方面的相同或相似，而推出它们在其他方面也可能相同或相似的逻辑推理方法。在物理学发展史上有许多科学假说和科学预言都是运用类比方法而创立的。如：卢瑟福把原子与太阳系类比提出原子结
Analogy is a kind of special-to-special or general-to-general reasoning that derives from the same or similarities that some aspects of two (or both) objects exist and that they may otherwise be the same or similar Reasoning method. There are many scientific hypotheses and scientific predictions in the history of physics that were created using analogy. Such as: Rutherford atomic and solar system proposed atomic knot analogy